Other consistent landmarks are the medial tibial plateau articular. Meniscus tears are among the most common knee injuries. The perimeniscal capillary plexus supplies the peripheral 10% to 25% of the menisci in the. Discuss the decisionmaking process for meniscus debridement vs.
Posterior meniscal root injuries pubmed central pmc. The tibial attachments of the medial and lateral menisci the medial meniscus is c shaped and the lateral meniscus is primarily circular shaped. To ensure that this program is safe and effective for you, it should be performed under your doctors supervision. Neural and vascular anatomy of the menisci of the human. To provide the highest quality of care possible, while giving each patient individual, personalized attention.
Meniscus tears usually take place when an athlete twists or turns their upper leg while their foot is planted and their knee is bent. Find out what you need to know about treatment options and how. Two surgeons at two medical centers in israel performed the surgery last month. Remember to check out this great exercise video for torn meniscus exercises, and you can also read more articles about meniscus injuries. The combinations of torsional and axial loading appear to be the cause of most meniscal injuries. The menisci also facilitate nutrition, provide lubrication and shock absorption for the articular cartilage and promote knee proprioception. James dreese, md, orthopedic surgeon specializing in knee and shoulder surgery, explains the anatomy of the meniscus, meniscus root tears and surgical repair, and lateral meniscus. The knee menisci are fibrocartilaginous structures that sit within the knee joint, deepening the tibiofemoral articulation. In humans they are present in the knee, wrist, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints. Anatomy of the meniscus everything you need to know dr. Their incidence, like many orthopaedic ailments, increases with age. A tear in this red zone may heal on its own, or can often be repaired with surgery.
Clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation 3rd edition pdf. A new artificial meniscus is being hailed as a less painful and less complicated way to perform knee surgery. Analysis of data from the american board of orthopaedic surgery certification examination database. Consultant orthopaedic surgeonsenior lecturer spyros masouros, phd, lecturer departments of bioengineering, mechanical engineering and musculoskeletal surgery imperial college london, uk anatomy and biomechanics of the meniscus.
The tibiofemoral, or knee joint is the largest articulation in the body. Meniscus anatomy load and forces are distributed across a much larger surface area because of the menisci, which. Learn more about meniscus anatomy and meniscus treatment below. Meniscal injury knee anatomy knee injuries are fairly common problems, not just in athletes. Because of the relatively firm attachments to surrounding soft tissue and bony structures, the medial meniscus provides anteroposterior stability to the knee, which is most evident in cases of anterior cruciate ligament acl. The menisci are crescentshaped pieces of rubbery fibrocartilage. The medial meniscus can translate approximately 5 mm in the anteriorposterior plane which allows for adequate femoral rollback during knee flexion 23, 24. The most reproducible landmark for the medial meniscus root attachment described is an osseous landmark. Torn meniscus exercises the good, the bad, the ugly oh. Meniscus tearsorthoinfo aaos orthopedic surgeon chicago. Clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation 3rd edition pdf clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation 3rd edition pdf free download, clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation 3rd edition pdf, clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation 3rd edition ebook content in clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation. A meniscus is a crescentshaped fibrocartilaginous anatomical structure that, in contrast to an articular disc, only partly divides a joint cavity.
Structure function, pathophysiology, current repair techniques, and prospects for regeneration. Pdf meniscal injuries are recognized as a cause of significant musculoskeletal. Occasionally menisci can develop as a block or disk shape, which is called a discoid meniscus. Nathan endres, md, is an orthopedic surgeon at and assistant professor at the uvm medical center. Meniscal injury orthopedic care for bone, joint, spine. Anatomy and physical examination of the knee menisci. Surgical approaches for medial and lateral meniscal repair. Characteristics of synovial joints articular end plate a thin layer of compact bone over the spongy bone covering the ends of the bones articular hyaline cartilage for shock absorption, stability, improved fit for the. Describe the anatomy of the meniscus, as well as the various types of meniscus tears. They increase joint congruency and stabilization of the knee. Rehabilitation guidelines for meniscal repair uw health. When people talk about torn cartilage in the knee, they are usually referring to a torn meniscus.
Situated around the end of the tibia, they serve to cushion it from impact with the femur during movement. The meniscus is a cushion structure made of cartilage which fits. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the aaos find an orthopaedist program on this website. He is fellowship trained in sports medicine, shoulder surgery and orthopedic trauma. Meniscus treatment at rothman orthopaedic institute. Athletes, particularly those who play contact sports, are at risk for meniscus tears. Stability of the joint is governed by a combination of static ligaments, dynamic muscular forces, meniscocapsular aponeurosis, bony topography, and joint load.
The thick, abnormal shape of a discoid meniscus makes it more likely to get stuck in the knee or tear. Meniscus anatomy the microanatomy of the meniscus is dense. Anatomy knee meniscus anatomy and physiology of the. The menisci transmit weight bearing forces and increase stability of the knee. The meniscus is a rubberlike cshaped disc that sits within the knee between the end of the thighbone femur and the top of the shinbone tibia. Pdf anatomy and physical examination of the knee menisci. Orthovirginia is virginias largest independent group practice of orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine doctors, and physical therapists with locations throughout richmond, northern virginia, lynchburg, and virginia beach.
Their main role is shock absorption, improve stability of the knee joint, and load transmission. Meniscus anatomy medial meniscus o more cshaped o 910mm wide o 35 mm thick o more intimately in contact with the capsule. Department of orthopaedics, balgrist university hospital. Ebraheims educational animated video describes the anatomy of the meniscus.
Rehabilitation exercises appendix topic images meniscus tears quad sets straightleg raise to the front straightleg raise to the back hamstring curls heel raises heel dig bridging shallow standing knee bends meniscus tear. Evaluating for meniscal injury joint line palpation. Diagnosing an injury to this ligament can be challenging in the setting of multiligamentous trauma. Each knee has two menisci, a medial meniscus and a lateral meniscus. Textbook of orthopedics and trauma 4 volumes 3rd edition pdf free download. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a. This view of the tibial plateau highlights the ligaments of humphrey and wrisberg, which attach the meniscus to the femur. For this reason, research into meniscus repair has been the recipient of particular interest from the orthopedic and bioengineering communities. The distance between the mte and the center of the root attachment is 10 mm posterior and 0. The medial meniscus sits on the inside of the knee and the lateral meniscus sits on the outside of the knee. Functionally, the knee comprises 2 articulationsthe patellofemoral and tibiofemoral. This tendon is an extension of the quadriceps muscle and it continues inferiorly as the patellar ligament fig. Both the anterior aspects of the medial and lateral meniscus are attached via the ligamentum transversum, also known as the transverse meniscal ligament 1. Alright, now in this part of the article, you will be able to access the free pdf download of textbook of orthopedics and trauma 4 volumes 3rd edition pdf using our direct links mentioned at the end of this article.
Anatomy of the knee how many types of injuries to the knee should we expect to treat with. They often occur while performing athletics but can also frequently occur during nonathletic activities. A meniscus tear is a common and potentially painful knee injury. The video contains great information about the meniscus anatomy too, and has all the right exercises, which you can easily do at home with no equipment, following a meniscal injury or meniscus surgery. Howitt, ba, ck, cscs, dc, fccssc, fccrsc objective. Pdf meniscal injuries are recognized as a cause of significant musculoskeletal morbidity. The osmi team our team specializes in orthopedic surgery, arthroscopic joint surgery, sports medicine, physical therapy and occupational therapy. If a significant period of time has passed since the meniscus. How your orthopaedic surgeon treats your tear will depend on the type of tear you have, its size, and location. Rehabilitation exercises a meniscus tear is a common knee joint injury.
Manske help you apply the most effective, evidencebased. Understanding anatomy is the key to successful treatment and prevention of musculoskeletal injuries. We deliver high quality, costeffective orthopedic care. A longitudinal tear is an example of this kind of tear. They also play important role in synovial fluid dynamic circulation and also considered by some to be involved in proprioception.
242 674 926 585 1403 1118 1116 1127 893 1096 59 1555 1113 860 192 783 1227 1536 1100 1163 1061 671 45 4 1425 911 1455 88 520 91 1210 519 651 1332 1437 94 423 797